C++ I/O Library – Simple and Comprehensive Code Solutions
C++ I/O Library: What It Is and How It Works
The C++ I/O Library is based on the object-oriented model, and provides a variety of classes and functions for reading and writing data to various devices, such as the console, files, and sockets.
Simple Code Solutions:
Printing to the console:
C++
#include <iostream>
int main() {
std::cout << "Hello, world!" << std::endl;
return 0;
}Reading from the console:
C++
#include <iostream>
int main() {
int number;
std::cout << "Enter a number: ";
std::cin >> number;
std::cout << "You entered the number: " << number << std::endl;
return 0;
}Writing to a file:
C++
#include <fstream>
int main() {
std::ofstream outfile("my_file.txt");
outfile << "This is a line of text written to a file." << std::endl;
outfile.close();
return 0;
}Reading from a file:
C++
#include <fstream>
int main() {
std::ifstream infile("my_file.txt");
std::string line;
while (std::getline(infile, line)) {
std::cout << line << std::endl;
}
infile.close();
return 0;
}Comprehensive Code Solutions:
Formatting output using manipulators:
C++
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
int main() {
std::cout << std::fixed << std::setprecision(2) << 3.14159 << std::endl;
// Output: 3.14
return 0;
}Reading and writing binary data:
C++
#include <fstream>
#include <vector>
struct Person {
int age;
std::string name;
};
int main() {
std::vector<Person> people;
std::ifstream infile("people.bin");
while (infile.read((char*)&people.back(), sizeof(Person))) {
// Do something with the person data
}
infile.close();
std::ofstream outfile("people.bin");
for (const Person& person : people) {
outfile.write((char*)&person, sizeof(Person));
}
outfile.close();
return 0;
}Performing buffered I/O:
C++
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
int main() {
std::ofstream outfile("my_file.txt");
outfile.imbue(std::locale(std::locale(), new std::cout_syncbuf()));
for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++) {
outfile << i << std::endl;
}
return 0;
}Working with multiple streams simultaneously:
C++
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
int main() {
std::ifstream infile("my_file.txt");
std::ofstream outfile("my_new_file.txt");
while (std::getline(infile, line)) {
outfile << line << std::endl;
}
infile.close();
outfile.close();
return 0;
}Conclusion:
The C++ I/O Library is a powerful and versatile tool for performing input and output operations. It is easy to use for beginners, but also provides a variety of features for more complex tasks.
Further Reading:
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