• Inheritance is a feature of object-oriented programming that allows a class to inherit the properties and behaviors of another class.
• The class that inherits is called the derived class, and the class that is inherited from is called the base class.
• The derived class can have all the members and functions of the base class, as well as its own additional members and functions.
• Inheritance is used to reuse code and create new classes that are more specialized than existing classes.

Types of inheritance in C++:

• Single inheritance: A derived class inherits from only one base class.
• Multiple inheritance: A derived class inherits from more than one base class.
• Multilevel inheritance: A derived class inherits from a base class, which itself inherits from another base class, and so on.
• Hierarchical inheritance: A base class has multiple derived classes, but the derived classes do not inherit from each other.
• Hybrid inheritance: A derived class inherits from multiple base classes, and at least one of the base classes also inherits from another base class.

Example of inheritance in C++:

class Animal {
 public:
  virtual void eat() {}
  virtual void sleep() {}
};

class Dog : public Animal {
 public:
  void bark() {}
};

In this example, the Dog class inherits from the Animal class. This means that the Dog class has all the members and functions of the Animal class, as well as its own additional members and functions (such as the bark() function).

Benefits of using inheritance in C++:

• Code reuse: Inheritance allows you to reuse code from existing classes, which can save you time and effort.
• Modularity: Inheritance helps you to create more modular and reusable code.
• Extensibility: Inheritance makes it easy to extend existing classes by adding new features and functionality.

Conclusion

Inheritance is a powerful feature of object-oriented programming that allows you to reuse code, create more modular and reusable code, and extend existing classes. It is one of the most important features of C++, and it is used in a wide variety of applications.

Further Reading:

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