The following arithmetic operations can be performed on pointers in C:

• Increment (++)
• Decrement (--)
• Addition (+)
• Subtraction (-)

The increment and decrement operators can be used to move a pointer to the next or previous element in an array. The addition and subtraction operators can be used to calculate the address of a specific element in an array.

How to use pointer arithmetic to move a pointer to the next element in an array:

int arr[10] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10};
int* ptr = arr;

// Move the pointer to the next element in the array.
ptr++;

// Print the value of the element at the current pointer location.
printf("%d\n", *ptr);

output:

2

How to use pointer arithmetic to calculate the address of a specific element in an array:

int arr[10] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10};
int* ptr = arr + 5;

// Print the address of the element at the current pointer location.
printf("%p\n", ptr);

Output

0x7ffe7004

Pointer arithmetic can be a powerful tool for manipulating arrays in C. However, it is important to use it carefully, as it can lead to undefined behavior if it is not used correctly.

Note: please not that the possible condition in diagram

Some important things to keep in mind when using pointer arithmetic in C:

• Always make sure that the pointer is within the bounds of the array before performing any arithmetic operations.
• Avoid performing pointer arithmetic on a null pointer.
• Avoid casting pointers to different data types.

If you are unsure whether it is safe to perform a pointer arithmetic operation, it is always best to err on the side of caution and avoid doing so.